@article {334,
	title = {Spatio-temporal variations in seasonal ice tongue submarine melt rate at a tidewater glacier in southwest Greenland},
	journal = {J. Glaciol.},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {1{\textendash}8},
	keywords = {glacier calving, ice, ocean interactions, Remote sensing, subglacial processes},
	doi = {10.1017/jog.2019.27},
	author = {Moyer, A N and Nienow, P W and Gourmelen, N and Sole, A J and Truffer, M and Fahnestock, M and Slater, D A}
}
@article {oct,
	title = {Active seismic studies in valley glacier settings: strategies and limitations},
	journal = {Journal of Glaciology},
	volume = {64},
	year = {2018},
	month = {oct},
	pages = {796{\textendash}810},
	abstract = {Subglacial tills play an important role in glacier dynamics but are difficult to characterize in situ. Amplitude Variation with Angle (AVA) analysis of seismic reflection data can distinguish between stiff tills and deformable tills. However, AVA analysis in mountain glacier environments can be problematic: reflections can be obscured by Rayleigh wave energy scattered from crevasses, and complex basal topography can impede the location of reflection points in 2-D acquisitions. We use a forward model to produce challenging synthetic seismic records in order to test the efficacy of AVA in crevassed and geometrically complex environments. We find that we can distinguish subglacial till types in moderately crevassed environments, where {\textquoteleft}moderate{\textquoteright} depends on crevasse spacing and orientation. The forward model serves as a planning tool, as it can predict AVA success or failure based on characteristics of the study glacier. Applying lessons from the forward model, we perform AVA on a seismic dataset collected from Taku Glacier in Southeast Alaska in March 2016. Taku Glacier is a valley glacier thought to overlay thick sediment deposits. A near-offset polarity reversal confirms that the tills are deformable.},
	keywords = {glacial tills, glacier geophysics, glaciological instruments and methods, seismics, subglacial},
	issn = {0022-1430},
	doi = {10.1017/jog.2018.69},
	url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0022143018000692/type/journal{\_}article},
	author = {ZECHMANN, JENNA M. and BOOTH, ADAM D. and Truffer, Martin and Gusmeroli, Alessio and Amundson, Jason M. and Larsen, Christopher F.}
}
@article {Goelzer2018,
	title = {{Design and results of the ice sheet model initialisation experiments initMIP-Greenland: an ISMIP6 intercomparison}},
	journal = {The Cryosphere},
	volume = {12},
	number = {4},
	year = {2018},
	month = {apr},
	pages = {1433{\textendash}1460},
	abstract = {Abstract. Earlier large-scale Greenland ice sheet sea-level projections (e.g. those run during the ice2sea and SeaRISE initiatives) have shown that ice sheet initial conditions have a large effect on the projections and give rise to important uncertainties. The goal of this initMIP-Greenland intercomparison exercise is to compare, evaluate, and improve the initialisation techniques used in the ice sheet modelling community and to estimate the associated uncertainties in modelled mass changes. initMIP-Greenland is the first in a series of ice sheet model intercomparison activities within ISMIP6 (the Ice Sheet Model Intercomparison Project for CMIP6), which is the primary activity within the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) focusing on the ice sheets. Two experiments for the large-scale Greenland ice sheet have been designed to allow intercomparison between participating models of (1) the initial present-day state of the ice sheet and (2) the response in two idealised forward experiments. The forward experiments serve to evaluate the initialisation in terms of model drift (forward run without additional forcing) and in response to a large perturbation (prescribed surface mass balance anomaly); they should not be interpreted as sea-level projections. We present and discuss results that highlight the diversity of data sets, boundary conditions, and initialisation techniques used in the community to generate initial states of the Greenland ice sheet. We find good agreement across the ensemble for the dynamic response to surface mass balance changes in areas where the simulated ice sheets overlap but differences arising from the initial size of the ice sheet. The model drift in the control experiment is reduced for models that participated in earlier intercomparison exercises.},
	issn = {1994-0424},
	doi = {10.5194/tc-12-1433-2018},
	url = {https://www.the-cryosphere.net/12/1433/2018/},
	author = {Goelzer, Heiko and Nowicki, Sophie and Edwards, Tamsin and Beckley, Matthew and Abe-Ouchi, Ayako and Aschwanden, Andy and Calov, Reinhard and Gagliardini, Olivier and Gillet-Chaulet, Fabien and Golledge, Nicholas R. and Gregory, Jonathan and Greve, Ralf and Humbert, Angelika and Huybrechts, Philippe and Kennedy, Joseph H. and Larour, Eric and Lipscomb, William H. and Le clec\&apos;h, S{\'e}bastien and Lee, Victoria and Morlighem, Mathieu and Pattyn, Frank and Payne, Antony J. and Rodehacke, Christian and R{\"u}ckamp, Martin and Saito, Fuyuki and Schlegel, Nicole and Seroussi, Helene and Shepherd, Andrew and Sun, Sainan and van de Wal, Roderik and Ziemen, Florian A.}
}
@article {Kiaer2018,
	title = {{A large impact crater beneath Hiawatha Glacier in northwest Greenland}},
	journal = {Science Advances},
	volume = {4},
	number = {11},
	year = {2018},
	month = {nov},
	pages = {eaar8173},
	abstract = {We report the discovery of a large impact crater beneath Hiawatha Glacier in northwest Greenland. From airborne radar surveys, we identify a 31-kilometer-wide, circular bedrock depression beneath up to a kilometer of ice. This depression has an elevated rim that cross-cuts tributary subglacial channels and a subdued central uplift that appears to be actively eroding. From ground investigations of the deglaciated foreland, we identify overprinted structures within Precambrian bedrock along the ice margin that strike tangent to the subglacial rim. Glaciofluvial sediment from the largest river draining the crater contains shocked quartz and other impact-related grains. Geochemical analysis of this sediment indicates that the impactor was a fractionated iron asteroid, which must have been more than a kilometer wide to produce the identified crater. Radiostratigraphy of the ice in the crater shows that the Holocene ice is continuous and conformable, but all deeper and older ice appears to be debris rich or heavily disturbed. The age of this impact crater is presently unknown, but from our geological and geophysical evidence, we conclude that it is unlikely to predate the Pleistocene inception of the Greenland Ice Sheet.},
	issn = {23752548},
	doi = {10.1126/sciadv.aar8173},
	url = {http://advances.sciencemag.org/ http://advances.sciencemag.org/lookup/doi/10.1126/sciadv.aar8173},
	author = {Kj{\ae}r, Kurt H. and Larsen, Nicolaj K and Binder, Tobias and Bj{\o}rk, Anders A and Eisen, Olaf and Fahnestock, Mark A and Funder, Svend and Garde, Adam A and Haack, Henning and Helm, Veit and Houmark-Nielsen, Michael and Kjeldsen, Kristian K and Khan, Shfaqat A and Machguth, Horst and McDonald, Iain and Morlighem, Mathieu and Mouginot, J{\'e}r{\'e}mie and Paden, John D and Waight, Tod E and Weikusat, Christian and Willerslev, Eske and MacGregor, Joseph A.}
}
@article {jan,
	title = {Sub-ice-shelf sediments record history of twentieth-century retreat of Pine Island Glacier},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {541},
	year = {2017},
	month = {jan},
	pages = {77{\textendash}80},
	abstract = {The West Antarctic Ice Sheet is one of the largest potential sources of rising sea levels. Over the past 40 years, glaciers flowing into the Amundsen Sea sector of the ice sheet have thinned at an accelerating rate, and several numerical models suggest that unstable and irreversible retreat of the grounding line{\textemdash}which marks the boundary between grounded ice and floating ice shelf{\textemdash}is underway. Understanding this recent retreat requires a detailed knowledge of grounding-line history, but the locations of the grounding line before the advent of satellite monitoring in the 1990s are poorly dated. In particular, a history of grounding-line retreat is required to understand the relative roles of contemporaneous ocean-forced change and of ongoing glacier response to an earlier perturbation in driving ice-sheet loss. Here we show that the present thinning and retreat of Pine Island Glacier in West Antarctica is part of a climatically forced trend that was triggered in the 1940s. Our conclusions arise from analysis of sediment cores recovered beneath the floating Pine Island Glacier ice shelf, and constrain the date at which the grounding line retreated from a prominent seafloor ridge. We find that incursion of marine water beyond the crest of this ridge, forming an ocean cavity beneath the ice shelf, occurred in 1945 ({\textpm}12 years); final ungrounding of the ice shelf from the ridge occurred in 1970 ({\textpm}4 years). The initial opening of this ocean cavity followed a period of strong warming of West Antarctica, associated with El Ni{\~n}o activity. Thus our results suggest that, even when climate forcing weakened, ice-sheet retreat continued.},
	keywords = {Antarctica, Pine Island glacier},
	issn = {0028-0836},
	doi = {10.1038/nature20136},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature20136{\%}5Cnhttp://www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/nature20136 http://www.nature.com/articles/nature20136},
	author = {Smith, J. A. and Andersen, T. J. and Shortt, M. and Gaffney, A. M. and Truffer, Martin and Stanton, T P and Bindschadler, Robert and Dutrieux, Pierre and Jenkins, Adrian and Hillenbrand, C.-D. and Ehrmann, Werner and Corr, H. F. J. and Farley, N. and Crowhurst, S. and Vaughan, David G.}
}
@article {MacGregor2016,
	title = {{Holocene deceleration of the Greenland Ice Sheet}},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {351},
	number = {6273},
	year = {2016},
	month = {feb},
	pages = {590{\textendash}593},
	issn = {0036-8075},
	doi = {10.1126/science.aab1702},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/doi/10.1126/science.aab1702},
	author = {MacGregor, J. A. and Colgan, W. T. and Fahnestock, M. A. and Morlighem, M. and Catania, G. A. and Paden, J. D. and Gogineni, S. P.}
}
@article {MacGregor2016a,
	title = {{A synthesis of the basal thermal state of the Greenland Ice Sheet}},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface},
	year = {2016},
	month = {jul},
	issn = {21699003},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/2015JF003803},
	author = {MacGregor, Joseph A. and Fahnestock, Mark A. and Catania, Ginny A. and Aschwanden, Andy and Clow, Gary D. and Colgan, William T. and Gogineni, S. Prasad and Morlighem, Mathieu and Nowicki, Sophie M. J. and Paden, John D. and Price, Stephen F. and Seroussi, Helene}
}
@article {282,
	title = {End-of-winter snow depth variability on glaciers in Alaska},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface},
	volume = {120},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {1530{\textendash}1550},
	author = {McGrath, Daniel and Sass, Louis and O{\textquoteright}Neel, Shad and Arendt, Anthony and Wolken, Gabriel and Gusmeroli, Alessio and Kienholz, Christian and McNeil, Christopher}
}
@article {MacGregor2015b,
	title = {{Radar attenuation and temperature within the Greenland Ice Sheet}},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface},
	volume = {120},
	number = {6},
	year = {2015},
	month = {jun},
	pages = {983{\textendash}1008},
	issn = {21699003},
	doi = {10.1002/2014JF003418},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/2014JF003418},
	author = {MacGregor, Joseph A. and Li, Jilu and Paden, John D and Catania, Ginny a and Clow, Gary D and Fahnestock, Mark A and Gogineni, S Prasad and Grimm, Robert E and Morlighem, Mathieu and Nandi, Soumyaroop and Seroussi, Helene and Stillman, David E}
}
@article {MacGregor2015,
	title = {{Radiostratigraphy and age structure of the Greenland Ice Sheet}},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface},
	volume = {120},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {212{\textendash}241},
	keywords = {10.1002/2014JF003215 and Greenland Ice Sheet, ice core, ice-penetrating dynamics, ice-sheet dynamics},
	issn = {21699003},
	doi = {10.1002/2014JF003215},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/2014JF003215},
	author = {MacGregor, Joseph A. and Fahnestock, Mark A. and Catania, Ginny A. and Paden, John D and Prasad Gogineni, S. and Young, S Keith and Rybarski, Susan C and Mabrey, Alexandria N and Wagman, Benjamin M and Morlighem, Mathieu}
}
@article {Fahnestock2015,
	title = {{Rapid large-area mapping of ice flow using Landsat 8}},
	journal = {Remote Sensing of Environment},
	year = {2015},
	publisher = {The Authors},
	abstract = {We report on the maturation of optical satellite-image-based ice velocity mapping over the ice sheets and large glacierized areas, enabled by the high radiometric resolution and internal geometric accuracy of Landsat 8{\textquoteright}s Operational Land Imager (OLI). Detailed large-area single-season mosaics and time-series maps of ice flow were created using data spanning June 2013 to June 2015. The 12-bit radiometric quantization and 15-m pixel scale resolution of OLI band 8 enable displacement tracking of subtle snow-drift patterns on ice sheet surfaces at $\sim$. 1. m precision. Ice sheet and snowfield snow-drift features persist for typically 16 to 64. days, and up to 432. days, depending primarily on snow accumulation rates. This results in spatially continuous mapping of ice flow, extending the mapping capability beyond crevassed areas. Our method uses image chip cross-correlation and sub-pixel peak-fitting in matching Landsat path/row pairs. High-pass filtering is applied to the imagery to enhance local surface texture. The current high image acquisition rates of Landsat 8 (725 scenes per day globally) reduces the impact of high cloudiness in polar and mountain terrain and allows rapid compilation of large areas, or dense temporal coverage of seasonal ice flow variations. The results rival the coverage and accuracy of interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) mapping.},
	keywords = {Antarctica, glaciers, Greenland, Ice flow, Landsat, Remote sensing},
	issn = {00344257},
	doi = {10.1016/j.rse.2015.11.023},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2015.11.023},
	author = {Fahnestock, Mark and Scambos, Ted and Moon, Twila and Gardner, Alex and Haran, Terry and Klinger, Marin}
}
@article {2015/10/29,
	title = {Recent Arctic tundra fire initiates widespread thermokarst development},
	journal = {Scientific Reports},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2015},
	month = {2015/10/29},
	pages = {15865 - },
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep15865},
	author = {Jones, Benjamin M. and Grosse, Guido and Arp, Christopher D. and Miller, Eric and Liu, Lin and Hayes, Daniel J. and Larsen, Christopher F.}
}
@article {239,
	title = {Helicopter borne radar imaging of snow cover on and around glaciers in {A}laska},
	journal = {Annals of Glaciology},
	volume = {55},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {78-88},
	doi = {10.3189/2014AoG67A029},
	author = {Gusmeroli, A. and Wolken, G. and Arendt, A.}
}
@article {240,
	title = {The Randolph Glacier Inventory: a globally complete inventory of glaciers},
	volume = {60},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {537 - 552},
	doi = {10.3189/2014JoG13J176},
	author = {Pfeffer, W.T. and Arendt, A. and Bliss, A. and Bolch, T. and Cogley, G. and Gardner, A. and Hagen, J-O., and Hock, R. and Kaser, G and Kienholz, C. and Miles, E. and Moholdt, G. and M{\"o}lg, N. and Paul, F. and Radi{\'c}, V. and Rastner, P. and Raup, B. and Rich, J. and Sharp, M.}
}
@article {135,
	title = {Analysis of a GRACE global mascon solution for Gulf of Alaska glaciers},
	journal = {Journal of Glaciology},
	volume = {59},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {913-924},
	doi = {10.3189/2013JoG12J197},
	author = {Anthony A. Arendt and Scott B Luthcke and Alex S. Gardner and Shad O'Neel and D. Hill and Geir Moholdt and Waleed Abdalati}
}
@article {2013/08/01,
	title = {Challenges to Understanding the Dynamic Response of Greenland{\textquoteright}s Marine Terminating Glaciers to Oceanic and Atmospheric Forcing},
	journal = {Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society},
	volume = {94},
	year = {2013},
	month = {2013/08/01},
	pages = {1131 - 1144},
	doi = {10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00100.1},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00100.1},
	author = {Straneo, Fiammetta and Heimbach, Patrick and Sergienko, Olga and Hamilton, Gordon and Catania, Ginny and Griffies, Stephen and Hallberg, Robert and Jenkins, Adrian and Joughin, Ian and Motyka, Roman and Pfeffer, W. Tad and Stephen F. Price and Eric Rignot and Scambos, Ted and Martin Truffer and Vieli, Andreas}
}
@article {126,
	title = {Geodetic Mass Balance of Glaciers in the Central Brooks Range, Alaska, USA, from 1970 to 2001},
	journal = {Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research},
	volume = {45},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {29{\textendash}38},
	doi = {10.1657/1938-4246-45.1.29},
	author = {Geck, Jason and Regine Hock and Nolan, Matt}
}
@article {125,
	title = {Glaciers and ice caps (outside Greenland)},
	year = {2013},
	institution = { Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. 94(7), S143},
	author = {G. J. Wolken and Martin J. Sharp and M-L. Geai and D. Burges and Anthony A. Arendt and Bert Wouters}
}
@article {130,
	title = {Ice-sheet model sensitivities to environmental forcing and their use in projecting future sea-level (The SeaRISE Project)},
	journal = {J. Glaciol},
	volume = {59},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {195{\textendash}224},
	author = {Robert A. Bindschadler and Nowicki, Sophie and Abe-Ouchi, Ayako and Andy Aschwanden and Choi, Hyeungu and Fastook, Jim and Granzow, Glen and Greve, Ralf and Gutowski, Gail and Herzfeld, Ute and others}
}
@article {SeariseGreenland2013,
	title = {{Insights into spatial sensitivities of ice mass response to environmental change from the SeaRISE ice sheet modeling project II: Greenland}},
	journal = {J. Geophys. Res.},
	volume = {118},
	number = {2},
	year = {2013},
	month = {jun},
	pages = {1025{\textendash}1044},
	issn = {21699003},
	doi = {10.1002/jgrf.20076},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/jgrf.20076},
	author = {Nowicki, Sophie and Robert A. Bindschadler and Abe-Ouchi, Ayako and Andy Aschwanden and E. Bueler and Choi, Hyeungu and Fastook, Jim and Granzow, Glen and Greve, Ralf and Gutowski, Gail and Herzfeld, Ute and Jackson, Charles and Jesse V Johnson and Constantine Khroulev and Larour, Eric and Anders Levermann and Lipscomb, William H. and Maria A. Martin and Morlighem, Mathieu and Parizek, Byron R. and David Pollard and Stephen F. Price and Ren, Diandong and Eric Rignot and Fuyuki Saito and Tatsuru Sato and Seddik, Hakime and Seroussi, Helene and Takahashi, Kunio and Walker, Ryan and Wang, Wei Li}
}
@article {SeariseAntarctica2013,
	title = {{Insights into spatial sensitivities of ice mass response to environmental change from the SeaRISE ice sheet modeling project I: Antarctica}},
	journal = {J. Geophys. Res.},
	volume = {118},
	number = {2},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {1002{\textendash}1024},
	issn = {21699003},
	doi = {10.1002/jgrf.20081},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/jgrf.20081},
	author = {Nowicki, Sophie and Robert A. Bindschadler and Abe-Ouchi, Ayako and Andy Aschwanden and E. Bueler and Choi, Hyeungu and Fastook, Jim and Granzow, Glen and Greve, Ralf and Gutowski, Gail and Herzfeld, Ute and Jackson, Charles and Jesse V Johnson and Constantine Khroulev and Larour, Eric and Anders Levermann and Lipscomb, William H. and Maria A. Martin and Morlighem, Mathieu and Parizek, Byron R. and David Pollard and Stephen F. Price and Ren, Diandong and Eric Rignot and Fuyuki Saito and Tatsuru Sato and Seddik, Hakime and Seroussi, Helene and Takahashi, Kunio and Walker, Ryan and Wang, Wei Li}
}
@article {167,
	title = {Low-frequency radar sounding of temperate ice masses in Southern Alaska},
	journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {n/a{\textendash}n/a},
	abstract = {We present the Warm Ice Sounding Explorer (WISE), a low-frequency (2.5 MHz) radar for the sounding of temperate ice. WISE deployment in southern Alaska in 2008 and 2012 provides comprehensive measurements of glacier thickness, reveals deep valleys beneath glaciers and the full extent of zones grounded below sea level. The east branch of Columbia Glacier is deeper that its main branch and remains below sea level 20 km farther inland. Ice is 1000 m deep on Tazlina Glacier. On Bering glacier, two sills separate three deep bed depressions (>1200 m) that coincide with the dynamic balance lines during surges. The piedmont lobe of Malaspina Glacier and the lower reaches of Hubbard Glacier are entirely grounded below sea level 40 and 10 km, respectively, from their termini. Knowledge of ice thickness in these regions helps better understand their glacier dynamics, mass balance, and impact on sea level.},
	keywords = {Alaska, bed topography, glaciology, mass balance, radar, thickness},
	issn = {1944-8007},
	doi = {10.1002/2013GL057452},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013GL057452},
	author = {Eric Rignot and Mouginot, J. and Chris F. Larsen and Gim, Y. and Kirchner, D.}
}
@article {131,
	title = {A nonsmooth Newton multigrid method for a hybrid, shallow model of marine ice sheets},
	journal = {Contemporary Mathematics},
	volume = {586},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {197-205},
	author = {Guillaume Jouvet and E. Bueler and Carsten Gr{\"a}ser and Kornhuber, Ralf}
}
@article {132,
	title = {A Reconciled Estimate of Glacier Contributions to Sea Level Rise: 2003 to 2009},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {340},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {852-857},
	abstract = {Glaciers distinct from the Greenland and Antarctic Ice Sheets are losing large amounts of water to the world{\textquoteright}s oceans. However, estimates of their contribution to sea level rise disagree. We provide a consensus estimate by standardizing existing, and creating new, mass-budget estimates from satellite gravimetry and altimetry and from local glaciological records. In many regions, local measurements are more negative than satellite-based estimates. All regions lost mass during 2003{\textendash}2009, with the largest losses from Arctic Canada, Alaska, coastal Greenland, the southern Andes, and high-mountain Asia, but there was little loss from glaciers in Antarctica. Over this period, the global mass budget was {\textendash}259 {\textpm} 28 gigatons per year, equivalent to the combined loss from both ice sheets and accounting for 29 {\textpm} 13\% of the observed sea level rise.},
	doi = {10.1126/science.1234532},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/content/340/6134/852.abstract},
	author = {Alex S. Gardner and Geir Moholdt and J. Graham Cogley and Bert Wouters and Anthony A. Arendt and Wahr, John and Berthier, Etienne and Regine Hock and W. Tad Pfeffer and Georg Kaser and Ligtenberg, Stefan R. M. and Bolch, Tobias and Martin J. Sharp and Jon Ove Hagen and van den Broeke, Michiel R. and Paul, Frank}
}
@article {136,
	title = {Variable penetration depth of interferometric synthetic aperture radar signals on Alaska glaciers: a cold surface layer hypothesis},
	journal = {Annals of Glaciology},
	volume = {54},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {218-223},
	doi = {10.3189/2013AoG64A114},
	author = {Alessio Gusmeroli and Anthony A. Arendt and D K Atwood and B. Kampes and M. Sanford and J. Young}
}
@article {121,
	title = {Accelerated contributions of Canada{\textquoteright}s Baffin and Bylot Island glaciers to sea level rise over the past half century},
	journal = {The Cryosphere},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2012},
	pages = {1103{\textendash}1125},
	doi = {10.5194/tc-6-1103-2012},
	author = {Alex S. Gardner and Geir Moholdt and Anthony A. Arendt and Bert Wouters}
}
@article {gusmeroli2012crystal,
	title = {The crystal fabric of ice from full-waveform borehole sonic logging},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface (2003{\textendash}2012)},
	volume = {117},
	number = {F3},
	year = {2012},
	publisher = {Wiley Online Library},
	author = {Alessio Gusmeroli and Erin C Pettit and Joseph H Kennedy and Ritz, Catherine}
}
@article {206,
	title = {A detailed view into the eruption clouds of Santiaguito volcano, Guatemala, using Doppler radar},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth},
	volume = {117},
	year = {2012},
	pages = {n/a{\textendash}n/a},
	abstract = {Using Doppler radar technology we are able to show that eruptions at Santiaguito volcano, Guatemala, are comprised of multiple explosive degassing pulses occurring at a frequency of 0.2 to 0.3 Hz. The Doppler radar system was installed about 2.7 km away from the active dome on the top of Santa Maria volcano. During four days of continuous measurement 157 eruptive events were recorded. The Doppler radar data reveals a vertical uplift of the dome surface of about 50 cm immediately prior to a first degassing pulse. Particle velocities range from 10 to 15 m/s (in the line of sight of the radar). In 80\% of the observed eruptions a second degassing pulse emanates from the dome with significantly higher particle velocities (20{\textendash}25 m/s again line of sight) and increased echo power, which implies an increase in mass flux. We carry out numerical experiments of ballistic particle transport and calculate corresponding synthetic radar signals. These calculations show that the observations are consistent with a pulsed release of material from the dome of Santiaguito volcano.},
	keywords = {Doppler radar, eruption dynamics, Santiaguito volcano},
	issn = {2156-2202},
	doi = {10.1029/2011JB008542},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011JB008542},
	author = {Scharff, L. and Ziemen, F. and Hort, M. and Gerst, A. and Johnson, J. B.}
}
@article {69,
	title = {From ice-shelf tributary to tidewater glacier: continued rapid recession, acceleration and thinning of Rohss Glacier following the 1995 collapse of the Prince Gustav Ice Shelf, Antarctic Peninsula},
	journal = {Journal of Glaciology},
	volume = {57},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {397{\textendash}406},
	doi = {10.3189/002214311796905578},
	url = {http://openurl.ingenta.com/content/xref?genre=article\&issn=0022-1430\&volume=57\&issue=203\&spage=397},
	author = {Glasser, NF and Scambos, TA and Bohlander, J. and Martin Truffer and Erin C Pettit and Davies, BJ}
}
@article {198,
	title = {Greenland Ice Sheet surface mass balance 1870 to 2010 based on Twentieth Century Reanalysis, and links with global climate forcing},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres},
	volume = {116},
	year = {2011},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84855336557\&partnerID=40\&md5=9239bc453a5004bd7a1258a2aaa14f07},
	author = {Hanna, E. and Huybrechts, P. and Cappelen, J. and Steffen, K. and Bales, R.C. and Evan W. Burgess and McConnell, J.R. and Steffensen, J.P. and Van Den Broeke, M. and Wake, L. and Bigg, G. and Griffiths, M. and Savas, D.}
}
@article {68,
	title = {Karakoram glacier surge dynamics},
	journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
	volume = {38},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {L18504},
	doi = {10.1029/2011GL049004},
	author = {Quincey, DJ and M Braun and Glasser, NF and Bishop, MP and I M Howat and Luckman, A.}
}
@article {54,
	title = {Results from the Ice-Sheet Model Intercomparison ProjectHeinrich Event INtercOmparison (ISMIP HEINO)},
	journal = {Journal of Glaciology},
	volume = {56},
	year = {2010},
	pages = {371-383},
	abstract = {Results from the Heinrich Event INtercOmparison (HEINO) topic of the Ice-Sheet Model Intercomparison Project (ISMIP) are presented. ISMIP HEINO was designed to explore internal large-scale ice-sheet instabilities in different contemporary ice-sheet models. These instabilities are of interest because they are a possible cause of Heinrich events. A simplified geometry experiment reproduces the main characteristics of the Laurentide ice sheet, including the sedimented region over Hudson Bay and Hudson Strait. The model experiments include a standard run plus seven variations. Nine dynamic/thermodynamic ice-sheet models were investigated; one of these models contains a combination of the shallow-shelf (SSA) and shallow-ice approximation (SIA), while the remaining eight models are of SIA type only. Seven models, including the SIA-SSA model, exhibit oscillatory surges with a period of \&$\#$8764;1000 years for a broad range of parameters, while two models remain in a permanent state of streaming for most parameter settings. In a number of models, the oscillations disappear for high surface temperatures, strong snowfall and small sediment sliding parameters. In turn, low surface temperatures and low snowfall are favourable for the ice-surge cycles. We conclude that further improvement of ice-sheet models is crucial for adequate, robust simulations of cyclic large-scale instabilities.},
	doi = {doi:10.3189/002214310792447789},
	url = {http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/igsoc/jog/2010/00000056/00000197/art00001},
	author = {Calov, Reinhard and Greve, Ralf and Abe-Ouchi, Ayako and E. Bueler and Huybrechts, Philippe and Jesse V Johnson and Frank Pattyn and David Pollard and Ritz, Catherine and Fuyuki Saito and Tarasov, Lev}
}
@article {Gusmeroli2010,
	title = {{Vertical distribution of water within the polythermal Storglaci{\"a}ren, Sweden}},
	journal = {J. Geophys. Res.},
	volume = {115},
	number = {F4},
	year = {2010},
	pages = {1{\textendash}14},
	issn = {0148-0227},
	doi = {10.1029/2009JF001539},
	url = {http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2010/2009JF001539.shtml},
	author = {Alessio Gusmeroli and Murray, T. and Jansson, P. and Pettersson, R. and Andy Aschwanden and Booth, A. D.}
}
@article {Pattyn2008,
	title = {{Benchmark experiments for higher-order and full Stokes ice sheet models (ISMIP-HOM)}},
	journal = {The Cryosphere},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2008},
	pages = {95{\textendash}108},
	author = {Frank Pattyn and Perichon, L. and Andy Aschwanden and Breuer, B. and de Smedt, B. and Gagliardini, O. and Gudmundsson, G. H. and Hindmarsh, R. C. A. and Hubbard, A. L. and Jesse V Johnson and Kleiner, T. and Konovalov, Y. and Martin, C. and Payne, A. J. and David Pollard and Stephen F. Price and M R{\"u}ckamp and Fuyuki Saito and Sou{\v c}ek, O. and Sugiyama, S. and Zwinger, T.}
}
@conference {14,
	title = {Comparison of remote sensing derived glacier facies maps with distributed mass balance modelling at Engabreen, northern Norway.},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of a workshop on Andean Glaciology and a symposium on the Contribution from Glaciers and Snow Cover to Runoff from Mountains in Different Climates during the 7th Scientific Assembly of the IAHS, Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, 4-9 April 2005.},
	year = {2007},
	publisher = {IAHS Press},
	organization = {IAHS Press},
	author = {M Braun and Schuler, T.V. and Regine Hock and Brown, I. and Jackson, M. and Ginot, P. and Sicart, JE and others}
}
@conference {10,
	title = {Deriving glacier mass balance from accumulation area ratio on Storglaci{\"a}ren, Sweden.},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of a workshop on Andean Glaciology and a symposium on the Contribution from Glaciers and Snow Cover to Runoff from Mountains in Different Climates during the 7th Scientific Assembly of the IAHS, Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, 4-9 April 2005.},
	year = {2007},
	publisher = {IAHS Press},
	organization = {IAHS Press},
	author = {Regine Hock and Kootstra, D.S. and C H Reijmer and Ginot, P. and Sicart, JE and others}
}
@article {7,
	title = {Glacier changes in southeast Alaska and northwest British Columbia and contribution to sea level rise},
	journal = {J. Geophys. Res},
	volume = {112},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {F01007},
	author = {Chris F. Larsen and Roman J. Motyka and Anthony A. Arendt and Echelmeyer, K.A. and Geissler, P.E.}
}
@article {kay2003spatial,
	title = {Spatial relationships between snow contaminant content, grain size, and surface temperature from multispectral images of Mt. Rainier, Washington (USA)},
	journal = {Remote sensing of environment},
	volume = {86},
	number = {2},
	year = {2003},
	pages = {216{\textendash}231},
	publisher = {Elsevier},
	author = {Kay, Jennifer E and Gillespie, Alan R and Hansen, Gary B and Erin C Pettit}
}
@article {369,
	title = {Mechanisms of fast flow in Jakobshavns Isbr{\ae}, Greenland, Part III: Measurements of ice deformation, temperature and cross-borehole conductivity in boreholes to the bedrock},
	journal = {J. Glaciol.},
	volume = {48},
	year = {2002},
	pages = {369{\textendash}385},
	url = {http://openurl.ingenta.com/content/xref?genre=article{\&}issn=0022-1430{\&}volume=48{\&}issue=162{\&}spage=369},
	author = {L{\"u}thi, Martin P. and Funk, M. and Iken, A. and Truffer, M. and Gogineni, S.}
}
@article {Fahnestock2001a,
	title = {{High geothermal heat flow, Basal melt, and the origin of rapid ice flow in central Greenland.}},
	journal = {Science (New York, N.Y.)},
	volume = {294},
	number = {5550},
	year = {2001},
	month = {dec},
	pages = {2338{\textendash}42},
	abstract = {Age-depth relations from internal layering reveal a large region of rapid basal melting in Greenland. Melt is localized at the onset of rapid ice flow in the large ice stream that drains north off the summit dome and other areas in the northeast quadrant of the ice sheet. Locally, high melt rates indicate geothermal fluxes 15 to 30 times continental background. The southern limit of melt coincides with magnetic anomalies and topography that suggest a volcanic origin.},
	issn = {0036-8075},
	doi = {10.1126/science.1065370},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11743197},
	author = {Fahnestock, M and Abdalati, W and Joughin, Ian and Brozena, J and Gogineni, P}
}
@article {383,
	title = {Glaciers and Climate of the Upper Susitna Basin, Alaska},
	author = {Bliss, Andrew and Hock, Regine and Wolken, Gabriel and Whorton, Erin and Aubry-Wake, Caroline and Braun, Juliana and Gusmeroli, Alessio and Harrison, Will and Hoffman, Andrew and Liljedahl, Anna and others}
}
@article {156,
	title = {Hazard assessment of the Tidal Inlet landslide and potential subsequent tsunami, Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska},
	journal = {Landslides},
	volume = {4},
	pages = {205-215},
	abstract = {An unstable rock slump, estimated at 5 to 10\&$\#$8201;{\texttimes}\&$\#$8201;10<sup xmlns="http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/">6</sup> m<sup xmlns="http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/">3</sup>, lies perched above the northern shore of Tidal Inlet in Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska. This landslide mass has the potential to rapidly move into Tidal Inlet and generate large, long-period-impulse tsunami waves. Field and photographic examination revealed that the landslide moved between 1892 and 1919 after the retreat of the Little Ice Age glaciers from Tidal Inlet in 1890. Global positioning system measurements over a 2-year period show that the perched mass is presently moving at 3\&$\#$8211;4 cm annually indicating the landslide remains unstable. Numerical simulations of landslide-generated waves suggest that in the western arm of Glacier Bay, wave amplitudes would be greatest near the mouth of Tidal Inlet and slightly decrease with water depth according to Green\&$\#$8217;s law. As a function of time, wave amplitude would be greatest within approximately 40 min of the landslide entering water, with significant wave activity continuing for potentially several hours.},
	doi = {doi:10.1007/s10346-007-0084-1},
	url = {http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/klu/10346/2007/00000004/00000003/00000084},
	author = {Wieczorek, Gerald and Geist, Eric and Roman J. Motyka and Jakob, Matthias}
}
